Mnamon

Ancient writing systems in the Mediterranean

A critical guide to electronic resources

Old Nubian

- 8th-15th cent A.D.


Examples of writing



Sale contract (P. Berlin 11277)

Sale contract (P. Berlin 11277)

 

 

[ⲈⲚ  ⲟⲛⲟⲙⲀ]ⲧⲓ ⲧⲟⲨ ⲡⲢⲤ Ⲍ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲩⲩ Ⲍ ⲧⲟⲩ [Ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲩ ⲡⲛⲥ ⲙⲰⲩ  ⲕ]ⲟⲩⲇ ⲟⲩⲣⲟⲩⲉⲗ ⲧⲉⲉⲓⲧⲓ [ⲅⲉⲛⲕⲟ]ⲗ ⲇⲟⲧⲁⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲟⲩⲁ ⲉⲓⲛⲛ ⲙⲁ[ⲣⲓ] Ⳟⲟⲛⲛⲉⲛⲁ ⲉⲓⲛⲛ ⲟⲣⲟⲩⲛⲕⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲙ[ⲓ]ⲅⲛ ⲥⲟⳟ<ⲟⳝ>ⲁ ⲉⲓⲛⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲁⲣⲁ ⲥⲁⲙⲉⲧⲁ ⲉ[ⲓ ⲛ]ⲛ ⲙⲓⲗⲓⲛⲕⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲧⲉⲣⲡⲉⲕⲕⲗ[.. ⲥ]ⲟⳟⲟⳝⲓⲙⲁⲣⲁ ⲉⲓⲛⲛ ⲑⲁⲡⲁⲢⲁ ⲕ[ⲟⲩⲇⲁⲕⲉ] ⲧⲓⲛ ⲅⲟⲩϣⲁ ⲉⲓⲛⲛ

ⲁⲓⲟⲩ ⲉⲅⲟⲅⲅ[…] ⲓⲁⲣⲣⲉ ⲇⲁⲩⲉⲗ-ⲗⲁ ⳣⲁⲧⲓⲇⲟ ⲧⲟⲣⲁ ⲕⲁ[… ..]ⲗⲉ ⲅⲡⲡⲟⲗⲗⲁ ⲧⲁⲉⲛ ⲇ ⲕⲁ ⲁⲛ ⳟⲁ[ⲗ] ⲉⲓⲥⲟⲩⲅⲁ ⳝⲁⲚⲁⲧⲉⲣⲉ-ⲗⲟ ⳝⲁⲛⲧⲓⲉ[..] ⳝⲓⲥⲓⲅⲟⲩⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⳟⲁⲡⲓ ⲇ ⲗⲟ ⲟⲩⲣⲟⲩ [ⲁⲛ] ⲡⲁⲡⲓⲅⲟⲩⲗ-ⲗⲟⲛ ⲁⲓ-ⲇⲟ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲣⲁⳟ[ⲁⲛⲁ]ⲥⲟ ⲁⲛⲅⲉ ϣⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲇⲟⲩⲣⲛ ⲥⲞⲣⲧⲞⲗ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲟⲣⲛⲟⲩⲣⲧⲁ ⲧⲁⲛ-ⳟⲁⲗ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲙⲁ Ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲇⲟⲩⲣⲛ Ⲥⲟⲣⲧⲟⲗ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲥⲁⲅⲁⲣⲓ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲁⲡⲣⲁⲙⲓ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲉⲓⲥⲟⲩ ⲥⲁⲅⲁⲣⲛ ⳟⲁⲗ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲁⲛⲅⲉϣⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲕⲁⲉⲓⲤⲟⳝⲁ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲓ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲑⲩⲙⲛⲤⲁⲗ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲡⲁⲡⲓ ⲥⲁⲅⲁⲣⲛ ⳟⲁⲗ ⲙⲑⲁ ⲁⲓⲟⲩ ⲇⲁⲣⲙⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲤⲉ ⲙⲑⲁ […] ϣ[..]ⲣⲉⲛ

 

 

In the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. Being King Moses Koudil, he who has good hope, King of Dotawo, being Mari the Queen Mother, being Orounkouda eparch of Nobadia and Domesticus of Faras, being Milinkouda vice-eparch of Terpekkil[...], being Thapara Goush of Koudketi; I Egogg... enter the great (?) for (?)... and in... I sell four ... to my son Isu, and what you paid is four pieces of gold. And you [my?] fathers are my witnesses:

 

 

Ange-shuda, priest of Dur, witness,
Ornurta, his son, witness,
Marakuda, priest of Dur, witness,
Sagari, witness,
Abram, witness,
Isu, son of Sagari, witness,
Ange-shuda, witness,
Kaeisoja, witness,
Nupi, witness,
Thyminsal, witness,
Papi, son of Sagari, witness,
I Darme wrote, witness

 

 

F.Ll. Griffith, The Nubian Texts of the Christian Period, Berlin 1913, pp. 53-55 e G.M. Browne, The Protocol of Griffith’s Old Nubian Sale, in Altorientalische Forschungen 16 (1989), pp. 216-19.